Sintering is a process where a mixture of ore, flux and coke is agglomerated (agglomerated) in the sinter plant to produce suitable sintered products in terms of composition, quality and ...
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Iron ore sintering is the iron ore powder agglomeration process that changes fine iron ore powder into the lumpy ironbearing raw material used for blast furnace ironmaking. Hightemperature process and addition of alkaline flux will improve metallurgical performance of ironbearing raw material. Besides, the sintering process will consume the ...
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Iron ore sintering is one of the key steps in the ironmaking process, where granulated pellets are transformed into sinter in the sintering machine, providing an ideal raw material for ironmaking blast furnace. Drum granulation in the sintering process plays an essential role in determining the final sintering performance.
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Feng et al. [44,45] studied the waste heat recovery and gas flow in vertical tank for sinter. Zhou et al. [46] studied the influence of sintering parameters of different sintering layers on NOx emission in iron ore sintering process. Zhou et al. [47] and Tian et al. [48] studied the waste heat recovery and heat exchange problems.
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Carbon monoxide is the major hazardous component in flue gas exhausting from the iron ore sintering. This study aims to reduce the CO emission by changing the sinter parameters by sintering pot tests; specifically, the sinter quality, CO concentration, and total emission in sintering flue gas were analyzed in detail. The sinter strength properties, including the shatter index and the tumble ...
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Traditionally, fine ores are treated either by the process of sintering and/or by pelletizing to prepare an agglomerate with suitable metallurgical characteristics for ironmaking processes. The ...
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Abstract and Figures. Sinter plants process a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, slagforming agents and solid fuel (coke) with the finality of obtaining a product with the ...
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The iron and steel industry, as the major sources of NOx emission, accounts for about 6% of the total NOx emissions of industry in China, 1,2) while the iron ore sintering process occupied approximately 50% of the total NOx emissions in the iron and steel industry. 3,4) Therefore, it is extremely urgent to reduce NOx emissions from the iron ore ...
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The sintering basic characteristics of iron ore play a key role in the process of sintering. In this study, the effects of B 2 O 3 on the assimilation characteristics, softening temperature, fluidity of liquid phase, compressive strength of bonding phase, and microstructure of the mixed fine powder of hematite and vanadiumtitanium magnetite (HVTM) are studied.
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Sintering process is developed mainly to utilize under size of lump ore called iron ore fines; which otherwise, could not be charged directly in blast furnace. In order to conserve these, otherwise waste material, they are compacted together and made into lumps by a process known as is defined as the agglomeration of the ...
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Some of them do not require sintering or pelletizing of iron ore either. Typically, the SR process concept comprises two stages. In a first stage the iron ore is prereduced in the solid state and in a second the final reduction in the liquid state and melting is performed (Babich et al., 2016; Improved Technologies for Cost Effective ...
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Sintering is a crucial process in integrated steel plants where a mixture of iron ores, fluxes, and coke are fused to produce a sinter. During sintering, various mineral phases crystallize and bind the grains together, resulting in a strong sinter.
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The iron ore in the sintering dust was mainly magnetite, a small amount of hematite and gangue. Moreover, a small amount of quicklime also existed in the sintering dust due to using it as a solvent for the sintering process (Wu et al., 2022b). The peak intensity of metallic iron rose with the temperature, while peaks of magnetite and hematite ...
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Superhigh bed sintering process is an important development direction of iron ore sintering for its lower emission and higher yield. However, there is a lack of deep understanding of the uneven quality of superhigh bed sintering products, and the deterioration of reduction disintegration performance, the thickening of hearth layer and the reduction in energysaving effect are perplexing ...
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1. Introduction. Iron ore sintering is an important hot agglomeration preprocess for ironmaking in most integrated steel mills. This process converts a mixture of ore fines, fluxes, return fines and plant dust to sinter by partial melting and resolidification of the granulated particles in a moving grate, in which the coke breeze is typically used as solid fuel with mixing ratios of 35 wt ...
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The sintering of iron ore in the laboratory scale reactor provided a reasonable representation of the plant scale process in terms of combustion characteristics. Comparison of results with an inert bed of alumina and with iron ore mix emphasised the need to carry out simulations with sinter mix rather than an inert substitute.
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The process of sintering is a thermal operation involving melting and assimilation reactions. The first stage of the sintering process is the formation of the melt which involves the reaction between fine iron ore particles and fluxes. The initial melt is generated from adhering fines during heating via reaction between iron ore and fluxes.
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The total reaction involved in the process of sintering is the sum of a number of reactions which involve reactions in heating zone, reactions in sintering zone and reactions in cooling zone. These reactions are illustrated schematically for typical sintering of a limefluxed haematite ore in Fig. 11. Fig. : Development of Minerals during ...
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Iron ore sintering is a typical process with high material consumption, high pollution and high emissions. As reported in many studies (Chen et al., 2014, Li and Zhu, 2014, Tian et al., 2012), the energy consumption of sintering accounts for approximately 912% of the total energy consumption for the iron and steel enterprise.
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Accurate computational models of sintering behavior would assist to enhance sinter quality and are anticipated to play a role in yield prediction. Sintering is a vital process in the manufacturing of iron and steel. As a consequence, the primary objective of these models will be a thorough simulation of mass and heat transport during the sintering process. In this paper, based on the ...
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Sinter quality begins with the mined iron ore and the proper selection and mixing of the raw materials. Inhomogeneous raw mix can affect permeability and cause an increase in fuel consumption. During the iron ore sintering process in iron and steel manufacturing, an online analyzer can be used to determine the elemental composition of the bulk ...
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The interaction between mineral phases in two commercial iron ores and flux materials (CaO, MgO, SiO2, and Al2O3) was studied under kPa O2 partial pressure while heating to different temperatures. CaO was the most effective flux for liquid phase generation during sintering. For a hematite ore with few gangue components (Ore A), the formation of an initial liquid phase commenced at ~ 1275 ...
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Sinter plants process a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, slagforming agents and solid fuel (coke) with the finality of obtaining a product with the suitable characteristics (thermal, mechanical, physical, and chemical) for being fed to the blast furnace. ... and the conditions of the sintering process. Sinter ...
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A short description of the sintering process is also presented in FernándezGonzález et al. (2018). Figure shows the main parts of an iron ore sintering plant (DwightLloyd machine). Despite at first instance the agglomeration of ores has imposed as a process required in the iron extractive metallurgy, this process has changed with the
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training set and 100 groups are used as testing set. ... A mathematical model of the iron ore sintering process in a fixed sinter bed and optimisation of the process parameters using real valued ...
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